The color guardian of the textile industry

2025-06-06

Gas Fume Chamber plays an indispensable role in the production and quality control of textiles. As people's requirements for textile quality continue to increase, the color fastness of textiles has become a key quality indicator. Gas Fume Chamber is a member of the guardian of textile quality assurance. So what is Gas Fume Chamber?

Gas Fume Chamber is mainly used to test the color change of textiles when they are exposed to atmospheric nitrogen oxides produced by gas combustion. It simulates the specific gas atmosphere that textiles may encounter in real environments to test their color stability.

How the Gas Fume Tester Works

The textile sample and the control standard sample are placed in the gas smoke at the same time, and the test ends when the color of the control standard sample changes to the color equivalent to the fading standard. The color change of the sample is evaluated using a gray sample card. If no color change of the sample is observed after one test cycle, the test cycle can be continued for a specified number of times or the number of test cycles required to produce the specified color change of the sample.

Through the Gas Fume Chamber test, manufacturers can understand in advance the color changes of textiles in a specific gas environment, so as to take corresponding measures to improve the production process, select suitable dyes and auxiliaries, so as to improve the color fastness of textiles and meet consumers' demand for high-quality textiles.

Standards Of Lab Gas Fume Chamber

AATCC 23, ISO 105 G02, BS EN ISO 105-G02

Although Gas Fume Chamber is only a small part of textile testing instruments, it plays a huge role in the textile industry. It is like a color guardian elf, silently guarding the color quality of textiles and bringing us more beautiful and durable textiles.

AVENO recommended product:

Gas Fume Chamber AG43

Any demand can be referred to us!

Sales Dept Tel: +86 15280858852

Email: sales@avenotester.com

Skype: sales@avenotester.com

Web: www.avenotester.com

#Gas Fume Chamber #Gas Fume Tester #Lab Gas Fume Chamber

Time Accelerator--UV Accelerated Weathering Tester

2025-06-06

UV Accelerated Weathering Tester, like a "time accelerator", can give us insight into the aging test results of materials in long-term outdoor environments in a short period of time.

The working principle of UV testing equipment simulates factors such as sunlight, rain, and dew in the natural environment. It uses special fluorescent UV lamps to accurately simulate ultraviolet radiation in sunlight, allowing the material to be exposed to high-intensity UV radiation. At the same time, through the condensation humidity and water spray system, it simulates the erosion of dew and rain on the material. Under the alternating cycle of UV light, controlled humidity and high temperature environment, the material undergoes the test of long-term exposure outdoors. The aging phenomenon that may take months or even years to appear may appear within a few days or weeks. It is widely used in the selection of new materials, the improvement of existing materials, and the evaluation of changes in material formulations.

Advantages of UV Aging Testing Machine

1. Easy to operate: The device is equipped with an advanced control system and a simple user interface.

2. Accurate simulation: It can accurately simulate factors such as ultraviolet rays, temperature, humidity, etc. in the natural environment, making the test results more reliable and repeatable.

3. Efficient testing: Compared with long-term aging tests of materials in the natural environment, the use of UV Accelerated Weathering Tester greatly shortens the test cycle, saving time and cost.

Many companies have achieved remarkable results with the help of UV Accelerated Weathering Tester. As an important tool for material aging testing, it provides strong support for product quality improvement and technological innovation in various industries. It allows us to understand the performance changes of materials in a long-term natural environment in a short period of time, so as to take measures in advance to optimize product design and production processes.

AVENO recommended product:

UV Accelerated Weathering Tester AG19

Any demand can be referred to us!

Sales Dept Tel: +86 15280858852

Email: sales@avenotester.com

Skype: sales@avenotester.com

Web: www.avenotester.com

#UV Accelerated Weathering Tester #UV testing equipment #UV Aging Testing Machine

Advanced Solution for Packaging Durability Testing

2025-05-30

Introduction

The integrity and durability of packaging materials are crucial in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, and consumer goods. The GBN200Z Compression Tester, developed by GBPI, is a high-precision instrument designed to evaluate the compression resistance and burst strength of packaging bags. This advanced equipment complies with GB standards and meets the market's rigorous demands for quality control and research applications.

Importance of Compression Resistance Testing

Packaging materials play a vital role in product protection, preventing contamination, maintaining shelf life, and ensuring consumer safety. One key property of packaging materials is their ability to withstand compression during storage, transportation, and handling. The GBN200Z Compression Tester provides an accurate and reliable method to assess packaging performance, helping manufacturers optimize material selection and improve production quality.

Key Features of GBN200Z

The GBN200Z incorporates state-of-the-art technology to deliver precise and consistent testing results. Some of its notable features include:

High-Precision Compression Control: The tester applies controlled compression to packaging materials, accurately measuring their resistance and burst strength.

Compliance with International Standards: Designed to meet GB standards, ensuring results are relevant and comparable across industries.

User-Friendly Interface: Equipped with an intuitive control panel and digital display for ease of operation.

Versatile Testing Capabilities: Suitable for various types of packaging, including plastic films, laminated materials, and flexible pouches.

Automatic Data Recording: Stores test results for detailed analysis and quality control.

Robust Construction: Built with durable materials to ensure longevity and consistent performance.

Applications Across Industries

The GBN200Z is widely used in multiple sectors where packaging integrity is critical. Below are some of the key industries that benefit from this advanced testing equipment:

Food Packaging: Ensures packaging materials can withstand transportation stress, preventing leaks and contamination.

Pharmaceuticals: Maintains the sterility and integrity of drug packaging, reducing risks associated with damaged containers.

Consumer Goods: Evaluates the strength of flexible pouches and plastic bags used in everyday products.

Quality Inspection & Research: Used in laboratories and testing institutions for material research and compliance testing.

Industrial Packaging: Assesses the durability of packaging materials used for bulk goods and logistics applications.

Medical Device Packaging: Ensures the safety and sterility of medical packaging used for instruments and supplies.

How the GBN200Z Works

The GBN200Z employs a precise testing methodology to measure the compression resistance of packaging materials. The general process includes the following steps:

Sample Preparation: A packaging bag or film sample is placed in the testing chamber.

Compression Application: The tester applies controlled compression to the sample, gradually increasing the force until the material reaches its breaking point.

Data Recording: The device records critical data such as maximum compression resistance and burst strength.

Result Analysis: Test results are displayed on the digital interface and can be exported for further analysis.

Benefits of Using the GBN200Z

The GBN200Z Compression Tester offers numerous advantages for manufacturers and quality control teams:

Enhanced Product Safety: Ensures packaging materials can withstand real-world conditions, reducing failure rates.

Improved Manufacturing Efficiency: Identifies weak points in materials, allowing for optimization and cost reduction.

Regulatory Compliance: Helps businesses meet industry standards and quality assurance requirements.

Data-Driven Quality Control: Provides accurate test data for making informed decisions in packaging development.

Conclusion

The GBN200Z Compression Tester is an essential tool for industries that rely on high-quality packaging materials. With its precise testing capabilities, compliance with GB standards, and user-friendly design, it provides manufacturers and researchers with a reliable solution for evaluating packaging strength. By investing in advanced testing equipment like the GBN200Z, businesses can enhance product safety, reduce defects, and maintain industry compliance, ultimately leading to improved customer satisfaction and brand reputation.

#Food Packagin #Packaging Material Testing #Compression Tester

Why Melt Flow Rate Testing Matters

2025-05-30

In the world of plastic manufacturing, precision matters. Whether you're producing packaging materials, automotive components, or consumer electronics, understanding how your raw materials behave under heat is essential. One of the most important indicators of a thermoplastic material’s processing performance is its Melt Flow Rate (MFR) or Melt Volume Rate (MVR). This is where the GBB-R Melt Flow Index Tester, developed by Guangzhou Biaoji’s expert R&D team, comes into play.

What Is Melt Flow Rate, and Why Should You Care?

The melt flow rate refers to how easily a thermoplastic polymer flows when melted under specific temperature and load conditions. It's measured by how much material extrudes through a standard die over a given period. This value—expressed as either mass (MFR, g/10min) or volume (MVR, cm³/10min)—can significantly impact the molding and extrusion behavior of the material.

Imagine producing a batch of polypropylene components. If the MFR is too high, the material might flow too quickly, leading to flash or overpacking. Too low, and the mold might not fill properly, causing structural defects. Knowing the exact melt flow rate helps technicians fine-tune their processing parameters, reduce waste, and ensure consistent product quality.

Meet the GBB-R: Precision Meets Reliability

The GBB-R Melt Flow Index Tester is designed in full compliance with standards such as GB/T 3682, ISO 1133, and JB/T 5456. It is suitable for testing a wide range of polymers, including:

Polyethylene (PE)

Polypropylene (PP)

Polystyrene (PS)

ABS resin

Polycarbonate (PC)

Nylon

Fluoroplastics

Acetal resins

The device operates by heating the plastic sample to a specified temperature and applying a standard load. The molten material then flows through a calibrated die, and the machine calculates the flow rate automatically. Both MFR and MVR values can be measured with high repeatability and accuracy.

Who Needs a Melt Flow Index Tester?

The GBB-R is essential for any industry that relies on thermoplastic materials. Its main users include:

Plastic raw material manufacturers: for quality classification and batch consistency

Injection molding factories: to optimize molding parameters and reduce defects

Extrusion and film producers: for continuous quality control during production

Petrochemical companies: for product development and R&D testing

Testing labs and research institutes: for comparative material analysis

In industries like food packaging, pharmaceutical packaging, automotive parts, and consumer goods, the flow behavior of polymers directly influences production speed, product stability, and overall cost efficiency. Having a reliable instrument like the GBB-R gives companies a clear advantage in process control and quality assurance.

Key Benefits at a Glance

Standards-compliant: Fully meets ISO 1133 and GB/T 3682

Wide material compatibility: Suitable for a variety of thermoplastics

Accurate and stable results: Ensures repeatability across different tests

Easy operation: User-friendly interface and automation options

Ideal for both lab and production line: Flexible for different testing scenarios

Final Thoughts

In modern plastic manufacturing, the smallest details make the biggest difference. The melt flow rate of your polymer can determine the success or failure of your production process. Investing in a high-quality, reliable melt flow index tester like the GBB-R not only ensures accurate testing results but also enhances your entire production workflow.

Whether you’re developing new plastic materials or ensuring consistency in daily operations, the GBB-R is the smart choice for manufacturers who value quality and control.

#Packaging Testing #FHA2025 #Innovation In Packaging

AMD Macadamia Nuts Sorting Equipment & Solution

2025-05-26

The macadamia industry is growing amid a rapidly changing world. What worked yesterday might not work tomrrow. Delivering a high quality product to broad base of comsumers is imperative to maintaning prices. And continuous growth in consumption requires continuous innovation.

Macadamia Nuts Sorting Equipment

With leading multi-spectral detection technology, AMD® sorters provide superior detection capabilities to help you eliminate defects in macadamia nuts and ensure consistent food safety.

AMD has introduced a comprehensive inspection and sorting solution for the macadamia nut industry. This solution is applicable to both external and internal inspection of inshell macadamia nuts, as well as color and shape sorting of macadamia kernels, among other functions, assisting enterprises in enhancing both the yield and quality of their products.

INSHELL MACADAMIA NUTS SORTING

External Sorting

AMD® LGY Series Belt-type Optical Sorting Machine can replace manual work and accurately identify the defects of shelled macadamia nuts including obvious breakage, abnormal colour spots, dirty nuts, mold filaments and other substandard products.

Based on visible light technology, the AMD® LGY offers processors the flexibility of sorting different varieties and grades of macadamia nuts in-shell, whole, halves, and pieces.

AMD® LGY Inshell Macadamia Nuts Color Sorting Machine

Internal Sorting
The AMD® KXA6 Series X-ray inspection system can effectively remove the typical internal defects of macadamia nut-in-shell, such as empty, shriveled, discolored, cracked shell, rotten, insect-damaged nuts caused by stink bugs.
Tailored algorithm for macadamia nuts, featuring large yield, high precision, low carry-out, low radiation value.

AMD® KXA6 Series X-ray Inspection System for Inshell Macadamia Nuts

Macadamia Nut Kernel Sorting

Based on AI deep learning, visible light and infrared sorting technology, AMD® P-LGID series sorting equipment can achieve kernel-shell separation while accurately identifying and separating different colours, and rejecting defective products such as insect damage, shrivelled, mouldy and dried.

AMD® P-LGID4 AI Sorting Machine for Macadamia Nut Kernel

Safeguarding food safety in nut processing. Boost efficiency, reduce waste, and minimize labor reliance. AMD® COLOR SORTER take macadamia nuts grading to new levels.

Get in touch with one of our sales manager today and get tailored macadamia nuts sorting machines & solution.

Any inquires, please send to amd.sorting@gmail.com

#Macadamia Nuts Sorting Equipment #Macadamia Colar Sorter #Macadamia Sorting Machine

AMD Provides Shrimp Sorting Machines & Solutions for Seafood Processors

2025-05-26

The shrimp processing machinery market has experienced significant growth in recent years. This growth has created both opportunities and challenges for companies operating in this market.

As we know, the production and processing of shrimp involves several processes. On the one hand, effective shrimp sorting is necessary, and on the other hand, it is essential to ensure that impurities that pose a health risk are removed in order to guarantee the quality of the final product.

Anhui Zhongke Optic-Electronic Sorting Machinery Co., Ltd. has been focusing on R&D and intelligent manufacturing of optical sorting technology for over 20 years, and has been the first to apply deep learning technology to various fields of material sorting, providing high efficiency and high precision shrimp sorting machines and solutions to users worldwide. "AMD" series of intelligent color sorters ranked top three in the market and successfully exported to more than 100 countries and regions.

Shrimp Color Sorting Machine

AMD® LGY Series Shrimp Sorting Machine

Fully Optimized Mechanical Structure: All stainless steel, fully sealed and waterproof, solving the problem of fresh and wet material sticking together and allowing smooth discharge.
Optimized Light Path Design: Wide angle light path concentrator to ensure full material coverage and more detailed identification.
New Electrical and Communications Architecture: Multi-core parallel processing, color sorting, shape sorting and intelligent sorting solutions can be flexibly combined to run simultaneously.

Example of AMD Shrimp Sorting Machine

Case Study of AMD® LGY Series Shrimp Sorting Machine

AMD® P-LGY Series Deep-Learning-Based Shrimp Sorter

AMD's deep learning series product innovation adopts 12 core technologies such as Kunpeng fusion modelling technology, deep learning algorithm, S-class professional vision system, DgS smart chip, E image processing system, which can recognize materials from multi-dimensional and multi-characteristics such as color, shape, texture, area, light and shade, weight, soft and hard, and cooperate with centroid 3.0 algorithm to comprehensively improve the sorting ability of shape, color and malignant impurity.

Shrimp Color Sorting Machine

Case Study of AMD® P-LGY Series Deep-Learning-Based Shrimp Sorter

AMD® KX640-B pro series X-ray Foreign Matter Detector

The AMD KX640-B pro series X-ray contaminant detector is designed to detect and sort materials containing moisture, such as clams with cracks, snails with empty shells removed, as well as foreign matters such as glass, metal, stones and ceramics.

Color Sorting Machine

Get in touch with one of our sales manager today and get tailored shrimp/prawn sorting machines & solution.

#Shrimp Sorting Machine #shrimp color sorter #shrimp sorting equipment

AMD® Walnut Sorting Solutions

2025-05-26

In the competitive world of walnut processing, quality is paramount for consumer satisfaction. AMD's walnut sorting solutions empower processors to efficiently handle walnuts from the orchard to the shelf, ensuring they meet high standards for market appeal and quality.

AMD® In-Shell Walnuts Sorting

AMD's sorting technology is tailored to each stage of walnut processing, offering efficient and precise solutions.

- LY Series Wet Material Sorter: After washing, the LY Series tackles up to 3 tons per hour, achieving an impressive 99% accuracy. This sorter identifies and removes walnuts with residual hulls, mechanical damage, and impurities, such as soil or debris.

Walnut Sorting Machine

- LG Series for Exterior Sorting: Ideal for visual sorting, the LG Series detects inconsistencies in color, shape, and shell condition, effectively eliminating foreign objects like stones, plastic, and leaves. This ensures that only visually appealing walnuts continue down the line.

Walnut Sorting Machine

- KXA6 Series X-ray Inspection System: Combining X-ray with visible light technology, the KXA6 targets internal quality by detecting defects such as empty shells, mold, or shriveled kernels. This series ensures the highest standard of walnut quality for the marketplace.

Walnut Sorting Machine

AMD® Walnut Kernels Sorting

For processing walnut kernels, AMD offers specialized solutions that meet the high demands for precision and quality.

- NI, LI, and LG Series for Kernel-Shell Separation: AMD's versatile options adapt to different processing sites and sorting requirements, ensuring efficient separation of kernels and shells.

Walnut Sorting Machine

- LM Series for Half-Kernel Sorting: The LM Series features a slow-speed conveyor system to prevent kernel breakage, and deep learning technology to ensure consistent shape, size, and color. This sorter is ideal for half kernels, achieving superior precision with minimal damage.

Walnut Sorting Machine

- LG Series for High-Precision Kernel Sorting: Equipped with ultra-HD cameras and deep learning technology, the LG Series can identify even subtle color variations, minor defects, and foreign materials, making it suitable for all types of walnut kernels.

walnut sorting machines

- LQC Series for Final Quality Control: Before packaging, AMD® LQC Series eliminates lightweight contaminants such as hair, paper, textiles, and leaves, guaranteeing premium quality.

Walnut Sorting Machine

Empower Your Processing Line with AMD® SORTING

AMD's efficient and intelligent walnut sorting systems help processors stand out in the market by ensuring only the highest-quality walnuts reach consumers. From whole walnuts to kernel processing, AMD delivers unmatched accuracy and quality control, supporting processors in a competitive market. Click to see more AMD nut sorting machines here.

#walnut sorting system #AMD Walnut Sorting #Walnut Sorting Machine

HDPE and PP Separation with NIR Sorting technology

2025-05-26

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is a widely used and recyclable plastic. Nonetheless, the presence of polypropylene (PP) contamination poses a significant issue in recycled HDPE streams.

NIR sorting for HDPE and PP separation

Plastic Mixture

Can PP and HDPE be recycled together?
PP and HDPE are distinct types of plastic with different chemical compositions and properties. When they are mixed together in the recycling stream, it can result in various issues:

Reduced quality: Mixing PP with HDPE can lead to lower-quality recycled HDPE material. The properties of the resulting plastic may not meet the required standards for certain applications.

Compatibility issues: PP and HDPE have different melting points and processing requirements. Combining them can make it difficult to maintain the consistency and quality of the recycled material during the melting and molding stages.

Material weakness: The combination of PP and HDPE can result in a recycled material that has reduced strength, durability, and performance. This can be problematic, especially in applications where HDPE's mechanical properties are critical.

Identification and Separation of polymers in the industry
One of the biggest challenges facing the plastics recycling industry today is separating all of the various polymers entering the recycling stream. Separating PP from HDPE during the recycling process can be challenging due to their similar appearance. This can result in contamination if they are not adequately separated at recycling facilities.

To mitigate contamination issues, recycling facilities often employ advanced sorting and separation technologies to ensure that PP and HDPE are properly separated. This involves using optical sorters, air classifiers, and other equipment to identify and separate different types of plastics.

Near Infrared (NIR) Sorting Technology

Among them, the NIR-based sorting machines are widely used in the recycling industry to identify and separate various types of plastics based on their unique spectral signatures in the near-infrared range. These machines can accurately differentiate between different polymer types, such as PET, HDPE, PP, PVC, and more, facilitating the efficient recycling of plastics and reducing contamination in the recycling stream.

PP & HDPE Flakes Separation

AMD's plastic color sorting machines are known for the high accuracy and reliability. We contribute to efficient recycling operations by reducing contamination in the recycling stream and ensuring the production of clean, high-quality recycled materials.

#HDPE and PP Separation Machine #NIR sorting machine #Plastic Separating Machine

Silica Sand Production Processing and Equipment Needed

2025-05-26

What is high grade silica sand used for?

Silica sand is a new type of hard, wear-resistant and stable composite stone with silica as the main component, also called silica, mostly presented as transparent or translucent colourless, with a hardness level of 7 and a relative density of 2.65, with high refractory properties. Silica sand is formed after crushing and sand making, and is a very important industrial raw material.

Due to its chemical stability, good piezoelectricity, high melting point and hardness, High quality silica sand is widely used in glass, chemicals, casting, metallurgy and ceramics after processing.

How is silica sand processed? What kinds of equipment are needed?

METHOD 1: Dry Silica Sand Beneficiation Technology

Raw silica ore is coarsely crushed by jaw crusher → sorted by AMD large ore particle optical sorter → medium and fine crushing by cone crusher → screening by vibrating screen - sorted by AMD dry ore particle optical sorter → sand making by impact sand making machine → acid washing → drying → magnetic separation → sorted by AMD ore powder optical sorter → high purity silica sand is obtained.

METHOD 2: Wet Silica Sand Beneficiation Technology

The wet quartz powder manufacturing process is similar to the dry quartz powder manufacturing process, mainly with restrictions on water source and water quantity requirements, suitable for use in working conditions where environmental requirements are very strict and sufficient water sources are available. The processing flow is as follows.

Raw quartzite is coarsely crushed by jaw crusher → sorted by AMD large ore particle optical sorter → medium and fine crushing by cone crusher → screening-cleaning by vibrating screen → sorted by AMD wet ore particle sorter → sand making by impact sand making machine → acid washing → drying → magnetic separation → sorted by AMD ore powder sorter → get high purity quartz sand.

Optical Sorting Technology For Silica Sand Mining Process

Focusing on cutting-edge intelligent sorting technology, Zhongke Optic-electronic is the largest supplier of ore sorting equipment in China. With strong technical strength and professional service team, Zhongke provides one-stop sorting solutions for ore processing enterprises. The AMD® brand ore sorter under Zhongke widely covers the sorting scenes of large, medium and small particles of metallic and non-metallic minerals. Interested? Check out our ore sorting solutions.

#mineral color sorter #ore sorter #ore sorter equipment

Lithium-Ion Battery Capacity Degradation Mechanisms

2025-05-23

A lithium-ion battery is primarily composed of a cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator. During charging, lithium ions de-intercalate from the cathode material, migrate through the electrolyte, and intercalate into the anode material. During discharging, lithium ions move in the reverse direction, de-intercalating from the anode and returning to the cathode through the electrolyte. This repeated intercalation and de-intercalation of lithium ions between the cathode and anode enables the battery’s charge-discharge function, providing electrical energy to devices.

Capacity degradation in lithium-ion batteries is categorized into reversible capacity loss and irreversible capacity loss. Reversible capacity loss is relatively "mild" and can be partially recovered by adjusting charge-discharge protocols (e.g., optimizing charging current, voltage limits) and improving usage conditions (e.g., temperature/humidity control). In contrast, irreversible capacity loss arises from irreversible changes within the battery, leading to permanent capacity reduction. According to GB/T 31484-2015 standards for cycle life testing: "During standard cycle life testing, the discharge capacity shall not fall below 90% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles, or 80% after 1,000 cycles." If the battery exhibits rapid capacity decline within these standard cycle ranges, it is classified as capacity fade failure, typically involving irreversible degradation mechanisms.

lithium-ion battery

I. Material-Related Factors

1. Cathode Material Structural Degradation

Cathode materials undergo complex physical and chemical changes during charge-discharge cycles. Taking spinel-structured LiMn₂O₄ as an example, its structure distorts due to the Jahn-Teller effect during cycling. This distortion accumulates with repeated cycles and may eventually cause cathode particle fracture. Fractured particles degrade electrical contact between particles, hindering electron transport and reducing capacity. Additionally, irreversible phase transitions and structural disordering occur in some cathode materials. For instance, under high voltage, certain cathode materials transition from stable crystal structures to phases unfavorable for lithium-ion intercalation/de-intercalation, impeding lithium-ion mobility and accelerating capacity loss.

2. Excessive SEI Growth on Anode Surfaces

For graphite anodes, interactions between the surface and electrolyte are critical. During the initial charging process, components in the electrolyte undergo reduction reactions on the graphite surface, forming a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. Normally, the SEI layer is ionically conductive but electronically insulating, protecting the anode from continuous electrolyte corrosion. However, excessive SEI growth poses significant issues. First, SEI formation consumes lithium ions, reducing the available Li⁺ for normal charge-discharge processes and causing capacity loss. Second, transition metal impurities (e.g., from cathode dissolution) deposited on the anode surface can catalyze further SEI growth, accelerating lithium depletion.
Silicon-based anodes, despite their high theoretical capacity, face severe volume expansion (>300%) during lithiation/delithiation. Repeated expansion/contraction causes structural damage, electrode pulverization, and loss of electrical contact, leading to irreversible capacity loss. Although technologies such as nanostructured silicon anodes and silicon-carbon composites mitigate volume effects, this remains a critical challenge for silicon anode commercialization.

3. Electrolyte Decomposition and Degradation

The electrolyte plays a vital role in ion transport. Common lithium salts like LiPF₆ exhibit poor chemical stability and decompose under high temperatures or voltages, reducing available Li⁺ and generating harmful byproducts (e.g., PF₅, which reacts with solvents). Trace moisture in the electrolyte reacts with LiPF₆ to produce hydrofluoric acid (HF), a corrosive agent that attacks cathode/anode materials and current collectors. Poor battery sealing allows external moisture/oxygen ingress, accelerating electrolyte oxidation. Degraded electrolytes exhibit increased viscosity, discoloration, and drastically reduced ionic conductivity, severely impairing battery performance.

4. Current Collector Corrosion

Current collectors (e.g., aluminum foil for cathodes, copper foil for anodes) collect and conduct current. Failures include corrosion and weakened adhesion. Corrosion mechanisms include:
• Chemical corrosion: HF from electrolyte side reactions reacts with collectors, forming poorly conductive compounds that increase interfacial resistance.
• Electrochemical corrosion: For copper foil anodes, dissolution occurs at low potentials. Dissolved copper ions migrate and deposit on cathodes ("copper plating"), reducing collector cross-sectional area and inducing side reactions.
• Adhesion failure: Volume changes during cycling can detach active materials from collectors if adhesion is insufficient, rendering them electrochemically inactive.

5. Trace Impurities in the Battery System

Transition metal impurities (Fe, Ni, Co) introduced via raw materials may participate in redox reactions, catalyze electrolyte decomposition, or compete with Li⁺ intercalation. These impurities also destabilize SEI layers, exacerbating anode side reactions.

II. Operational Environmental Factors

1. Temperature Effects

• High temperatures accelerate electrolyte decomposition and SEI restructuring. LiPF₆ degradation generates PF₅, which reacts with solvents, while SEI layers thicken into inorganic-dominated films with higher ionic resistance. For example, EVs operating in hot climates exhibit accelerated capacity fade.
• Low temperatures increase electrolyte viscosity and polarization, promoting lithium plating on anodes. Lithium dendrites may pierce separators, causing internal shorts.

2. Charge-Discharge Rates (C-Rates)

High C-rates during charging cause uneven lithium deposition, forming dendrites that consume Li⁺ and risk internal shorts. High-rate discharging exacerbates polarization, reducing usable energy and accelerating capacity loss. Power tools requiring frequent high-current discharge demonstrate shortened battery lifespans.

3. Overcharge/Over-Discharge

• Overcharge forces excessive delithiation of cathodes, causing structural collapse and violent electrolyte oxidation (gas generation, swelling, or thermal runaway).

• Over-discharge over-lithiates anodes, destabilizing their structure and inducing electrolyte reduction. Early smartphones without protection circuits showed rapid capacity loss under such abuse.

Consequences of Battery Failure

Severe capacity degradation manifests as insufficient runtime (e.g., short device operation after charging) or abnormal charging behavior (e.g., slow charging). In critical applications:

• Electric vehicles: Battery failure reduces driving range and may strand vehicles.

• Grid-scale energy storage: Failed batteries destabilize power supply reliability, threatening grid security.

At TOB NEW ENERGY, we are committed to being your strategic partner in advancing energy storage technologies. From high-performance battery cathode materials / battery anode materials and specialized binders to precision-engineered separators and tailored electrolytes, we provide a comprehensive suite of battery components designed to elevate your product’s reliability and efficiency. Our offerings extend to cutting-edge battery manufacturing equipment and battery tester, ensuring seamless integration across every stage of battery production. With a focus on quality, sustainability, and collaborative innovation, we deliver solutions that adapt to evolving industry demands. Whether you’re optimizing existing designs or pioneering next-generation batteries, our team is here to support your goals with technical expertise and responsive service. Let’s build the future of energy storage together. Contact us today to explore how our integrated solutions can accelerate your success.

#Lithium-Ion Battery #Battery Capacity Degradation #Battery Capacity Tester